Martha Feree Hennessee1

F, b. 1828
Pedigree (click to see)
Relationship1st cousin 3 times removed of Susan Lee Wildsmith
Birth*Martha Feree Hennessee was born in 1828.1 
FatherPatrick Hennessee1 b. abt 1793, d. 29 Aug 1845
MotherNancy Sudderth1 b. 4 Mar 1799, d. 6 Sep 1889
Kinship*Relationship: 1st cousin, 3R. 

Citations

  1. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 377.
Last Edited1 Mar 2014

William R. Hennessee1

M, b. 6 March 1829, d. 11 October 1898
Pedigree (click to see)
Relationship1st cousin 3 times removed of Susan Lee Wildsmith
Birth*William R. Hennessee was born on 6 March 1829.2 
Death*He died on 11 October 1898 at age 69.2 
FatherPatrick Hennessee1 b. abt 1793, d. 29 Aug 1845
MotherNancy Sudderth1 b. 4 Mar 1799, d. 6 Sep 1889
Kinship*Relationship: 1st cousin, 3R. 

Citations

  1. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 377.
  2. [S300] Kent, Abraham Sudderth Family History, p. 33-A.
Last Edited1 Mar 2014

Levenia Hennessee1

F, b. 1831
Pedigree (click to see)
Relationship1st cousin 3 times removed of Susan Lee Wildsmith
Birth*Levenia Hennessee was born in 1831.1 
FatherPatrick Hennessee1 b. abt 1793, d. 29 Aug 1845
MotherNancy Sudderth1 b. 4 Mar 1799, d. 6 Sep 1889
Kinship*Relationship: 1st cousin, 3R. 

Citations

  1. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 377.
Last Edited1 Mar 2014

James David Hennessee1

M, b. 1 March 1832, d. 28 December 1900
Pedigree (click to see)
Relationship1st cousin 3 times removed of Susan Lee Wildsmith
Birth*James David Hennessee was born on 1 March 1832.2 
Marriage*He married Margaret Elmena Bouchelle about 1855.1 
Death*James David Hennessee died on 28 December 1900 at age 68.2 
FatherPatrick Hennessee1 b. abt 1793, d. 29 Aug 1845
MotherNancy Sudderth1 b. 4 Mar 1799, d. 6 Sep 1889
Kinship*Relationship: 1st cousin, 3R. 

Family

Margaret Elmena Bouchelle b. 11 Feb 1835, d. 13 Dec 1912
Children

Citations

  1. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 377.
  2. [S300] Kent, Abraham Sudderth Family History, p. 33-A.
Last Edited1 Mar 2014

Weightsel Hennessee1

M, b. 1833
Pedigree (click to see)
Relationship1st cousin 3 times removed of Susan Lee Wildsmith
Death*Weightsel Hennessee died in a Federal prison, during the Civil War.1 
Birth*He was born in 1833.1 
FatherPatrick Hennessee1 b. abt 1793, d. 29 Aug 1845
MotherNancy Sudderth1 b. 4 Mar 1799, d. 6 Sep 1889
Kinship*Relationship: 1st cousin, 3R. 

Citations

  1. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 377.
Last Edited1 Mar 2014

Thomas A. Hennessee1

M, b. 1835
Pedigree (click to see)
Relationship1st cousin 3 times removed of Susan Lee Wildsmith
Death*Thomas A. Hennessee died during the Civil War.1 
Birth*He was born in 1835.1 
FatherPatrick Hennessee1 b. abt 1793, d. 29 Aug 1845
MotherNancy Sudderth1 b. 4 Mar 1799, d. 6 Sep 1889
Kinship*Relationship: 1st cousin, 3R. 

Citations

  1. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 377.
Last Edited1 Mar 2014

Manasa S. Hennessee1

M, b. 1838
Pedigree (click to see)
Relationship1st cousin 3 times removed of Susan Lee Wildsmith
Death*Manasa S. Hennessee died during the Civil War.1 
Birth*He was born in 1838.1 
FatherPatrick Hennessee1 b. abt 1793, d. 29 Aug 1845
MotherNancy Sudderth1 b. 4 Mar 1799, d. 6 Sep 1889
Kinship*Relationship: 1st cousin, 3R. 

Citations

  1. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 377.
Last Edited1 Mar 2014

Mira Hennessee1

?, b. 1839, d. 1903
Pedigree (click to see)
Relationship1st cousin 3 times removed of Susan Lee Wildsmith
Birth*Mira Hennessee was born in 1839.1 
Death*Mira Hennessee died in 1903.1 
FatherPatrick Hennessee1 b. abt 1793, d. 29 Aug 1845
MotherNancy Sudderth1 b. 4 Mar 1799, d. 6 Sep 1889
Kinship*Relationship: 1st cousin, 3R. 

Citations

  1. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 377.
Last Edited1 Mar 2014

Robert Jones Hennessee1

M, b. 16 August 1840, d. 11 June 1902
Pedigree (click to see)
Relationship1st cousin 3 times removed of Susan Lee Wildsmith
Birth*Robert Jones Hennessee was born on 16 August 1840.2 
Death*He died on 11 June 1902 at age 61.2 
FatherPatrick Hennessee1 b. abt 1793, d. 29 Aug 1845
MotherNancy Sudderth1 b. 4 Mar 1799, d. 6 Sep 1889
Kinship*Relationship: 1st cousin, 3R. 
Interest* He was captured at Gettysburg on July 3, 1863, but survived, and was paroled at Appomattox Court House, VA., on April 9, 1865.1 

Citations

  1. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 377.
  2. [S300] Kent, Abraham Sudderth Family History, p. 33-A.
Last Edited1 Mar 2014

Margaret Elmena Bouchelle1

F, b. 11 February 1835, d. 13 December 1912
Pedigree (click to see)
Birth*Margaret Elmena Bouchelle was born on 11 February 1835.1 
Marriage*She married James David Hennessee, son of Patrick Hennessee and Nancy Sudderth, about 1855.1 
Death*Margaret Elmena Bouchelle died on 13 December 1912 at age 77.1 
Kinship*Relationship: wife of 1st cousin, 3R. 

Family

James David Hennessee b. 1 Mar 1832, d. 28 Dec 1900
Children

Citations

  1. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 377.
  2. [S300] Kent, Abraham Sudderth Family History, p. 33-A.
Last Edited1 Mar 2014

Elizabeth Gilreath1

F
Pedigree (click to see)
Marriage*Elizabeth Gilreath married Abraham Sudderth Jr., son of Abraham Sudderth and Martha "Patty" Sumter.1 
Kinship*Relationship: second wife of 2nd great-granduncle. 

Family

Abraham Sudderth Jr. b. 15 Jun 1800, d. 1864

Citations

  1. [S300] Kent, Abraham Sudderth Family History, p. 33.
Last Edited1 Mar 2014

Martha Jo Hennessee1

F, b. 16 September 1856, d. 22 February 1936
Pedigree (click to see)
Relationship2nd cousin 2 times removed of Susan Lee Wildsmith
Marriage*Martha Jo Hennessee married Rufus Duckworth.1 
Birth*Martha Jo Hennessee was born on 16 September 1856.1 
Death*She died on 22 February 1936 at age 79.1 
FatherJames David Hennessee1 b. 1 Mar 1832, d. 28 Dec 1900
MotherMargaret Elmena Bouchelle1 b. 11 Feb 1835, d. 13 Dec 1912
Kinship*Relationship: 2nd cousin, 2R. 

Family

Rufus Duckworth

Citations

  1. [S300] Kent, Abraham Sudderth Family History, p. 33-A.
Last Edited1 Mar 2014

Rufus Duckworth1

M
Pedigree (click to see)
Marriage*Rufus Duckworth married Martha Jo Hennessee, daughter of James David Hennessee and Margaret Elmena Bouchelle.1 
Kinship*Relationship: husband of 2nd cousin, 2R. 

Family

Martha Jo Hennessee b. 16 Sep 1856, d. 22 Feb 1936

Citations

  1. [S300] Kent, Abraham Sudderth Family History, p. 33-A.
Last Edited1 Mar 2014

Thomas Patrick Hennessee1

M, b. 11 November 1864, d. 4 May 1904
Pedigree (click to see)
Relationship2nd cousin 2 times removed of Susan Lee Wildsmith
Marriage*Thomas Patrick Hennessee married Ida Caroline Deal, daughter of Sidney Henry Deal and Sarah Eveline Suddreth, Ida and Thomas were second cousins.2 
Birth*Thomas Patrick Hennessee was born on 11 November 1864.1 
Death*He died on 4 May 1904 at age 39 of typhoid fever.1,3 
FatherJames David Hennessee1 b. 1 Mar 1832, d. 28 Dec 1900
MotherMargaret Elmena Bouchelle1 b. 11 Feb 1835, d. 13 Dec 1912
Kinship*Relationship: 2nd cousin, 2R. 

Family

Ida Caroline Deal b. 7 Jan 1866, d. 15 Sep 1910
Children

Citations

  1. [S300] Kent, Abraham Sudderth Family History, p. 33-A.
  2. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 331.
  3. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 377.
Last Edited1 Mar 2014

Sarah Eveline Suddreth1

F, b. 11 April 1835, d. 7 May 1911
Pedigree (click to see)
Relationship1st cousin 3 times removed of Susan Lee Wildsmith
Birth*Sarah Eveline Suddreth was born on 11 April 1835.1 
Marriage*She married Sidney Henry Deal, son of William Deal III and Catherine Smyre, on 23 November 1853.2 
Death*Sarah Eveline Suddreth died on 7 May 1911 at age 76.1 
FatherThomas Sudderth1 b. 20 Aug 1805, d. 2 Aug 1847
MotherCatherine C. "Katie" Hardin1 b. 6 Aug 1805, d. 26 Nov 1885
Kinship*Relationship: 1st cousin, 3R. 

Family

Sidney Henry Deal b. 26 Sep 1826, d. 22 Nov 1896
Children

Citations

  1. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 523.
  2. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 331.
  3. [S300] Kent, Abraham Sudderth Family History, p. 47.
  4. [S300] Kent, Abraham Sudderth Family History, p. 48.
  5. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, #9.
Last Edited1 Mar 2014

Sidney Henry Deal1

M, b. 26 September 1826, d. 22 November 1896
Pedigree (click to see)
Birth*Sidney Henry Deal was born on 26 September 1826 in Lincoln Co., NC.2,3 
Marriage*He married Sarah Eveline Suddreth, daughter of Thomas Sudderth and Catherine C. "Katie" Hardin, on 23 November 1853.4 
Death*Sidney Henry Deal died on 22 November 1896 at age 70.3 
FatherWilliam Deal III2 b. 14 Aug 1798, d. 28 Sep 1870
MotherCatherine Smyre2 b. 20 Aug 1803, d. 25 Oct 1865
Kinship*Relationship: husband of 1st cousin, 3R. 

Family

Sarah Eveline Suddreth b. 11 Apr 1835, d. 7 May 1911
Children

Citations

  1. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 522.
  2. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 330.
  3. [S300] Kent, Abraham Sudderth Family History, p. 47.
  4. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 331.
  5. [S300] Kent, Abraham Sudderth Family History, p. 48.
  6. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, #9.
Last Edited1 Mar 2014

William Deal III1

M, b. 14 August 1798, d. 28 September 1870
Pedigree (click to see)
Burial*William Deal III is buried in Cedar Valley Methodist Church, Caldwell Co., NC.2 
Birth*He was born on 14 August 1798.1 
Marriage*He married Catherine Smyre on 12 August 1824.1 
Death*William Deal III died on 28 September 1870 in Deal's Mill, Caldwell Co., NC, at age 72.1 
Kinship*Relationship: none. 

Family

Catherine Smyre b. 20 Aug 1803, d. 25 Oct 1865
Child

Citations

  1. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 332.
  2. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 333.
  3. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 330.
Last Edited1 Mar 2014

Catherine Smyre1

F, b. 20 August 1803, d. 25 October 1865
Pedigree (click to see)
Burial*Catherine Smyre is buried in Cedar Valley Methodist Church, Caldwell Co., NC.2 
Birth*She was born on 20 August 1803.3 
Marriage*She married William Deal III on 12 August 1824.3 
Death*Catherine Smyre died on 25 October 1865 at age 62.3 
Kinship*Relationship: none. 

Family

William Deal III b. 14 Aug 1798, d. 28 Sep 1870
Child

Citations

  1. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 330.
  2. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 333.
  3. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 332.
Last Edited1 Mar 2014

Ida Caroline Deal1

F, b. 7 January 1866, d. 15 September 1910
Pedigree (click to see)
Relationship2nd cousin 2 times removed of Susan Lee Wildsmith
Marriage*Ida Caroline Deal married Thomas Patrick Hennessee, son of James David Hennessee and Margaret Elmena Bouchelle, Ida and Thomas were second cousins.1 
Birth*Ida Caroline Deal was born on 7 January 1866.1,2 
Death*She died on 15 September 1910 at age 44 of tuberculosis.3,4 
FatherSidney Henry Deal1 b. 26 Sep 1826, d. 22 Nov 1896
MotherSarah Eveline Suddreth1 b. 11 Apr 1835, d. 7 May 1911
Kinship*Relationship: 2nd cousin, 2R. 

Family

Thomas Patrick Hennessee b. 11 Nov 1864, d. 4 May 1904
Children

Citations

  1. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 331.
  2. [S300] Kent, Abraham Sudderth Family History, p. 48.
  3. [S300] Kent, Abraham Sudderth Family History, p. 33-A.
  4. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 377.
Last Edited1 Mar 2014

Millard Tate Hennessee1

M, b. 26 June 1888, d. 1974
Pedigree (click to see)
Relationship3rd cousin 1 time removed of Susan Lee Wildsmith
Marriage*Millard Tate Hennessee married Zelma Walker.1 
Marriage*Millard Tate Hennessee married La Mere Kincaid.1 
Birth*Millard Tate Hennessee was born on 26 June 1888.2 
Death*He died in 1974.1 
FatherThomas Patrick Hennessee1 b. 11 Nov 1864, d. 4 May 1904
MotherIda Caroline Deal1 b. 7 Jan 1866, d. 15 Sep 1910
Kinship*Relationship: 3rd cousin, 1R. 

Family 1

La Mere Kincaid b. 1889, d. 1972

Family 2

Zelma Walker

Citations

  1. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 331.
  2. [S300] Kent, Abraham Sudderth Family History, p. 33-A.
Last Edited1 Mar 2014

Robert Lee Hennessee1

M, b. 23 September 1890, d. 1964
Pedigree (click to see)
Relationship3rd cousin 1 time removed of Susan Lee Wildsmith
Marriage*Robert Lee Hennessee married Margaret Goodson.1 
Birth*Robert Lee Hennessee was born on 23 September 1890.2 
Death*He died in 1964.1 
FatherThomas Patrick Hennessee1 b. 11 Nov 1864, d. 4 May 1904
MotherIda Caroline Deal1 b. 7 Jan 1866, d. 15 Sep 1910
Kinship*Relationship: 3rd cousin, 1R. 

Family

Margaret Goodson

Citations

  1. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 331.
  2. [S300] Kent, Abraham Sudderth Family History, p. 33-A.
Last Edited1 Mar 2014

Walter Henry Hennessee1

M, b. 1 April 1893, d. 1982
Pedigree (click to see)
Relationship3rd cousin 1 time removed of Susan Lee Wildsmith
Marriage*Walter Henry Hennessee married Lucy Alexander.1 
Birth*Walter Henry Hennessee was born on 1 April 1893.2 
Death*He died in 1982.1 
FatherThomas Patrick Hennessee1 b. 11 Nov 1864, d. 4 May 1904
MotherIda Caroline Deal1 b. 7 Jan 1866, d. 15 Sep 1910
Kinship*Relationship: 3rd cousin, 1R. 

Family

Lucy Alexander b. 1898, d. 1977

Citations

  1. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 331.
  2. [S300] Kent, Abraham Sudderth Family History, p. 33-A.
Last Edited1 Mar 2014

Martha Cora Hennessee1

F, b. 30 August 1895, d. 13 February 1897
Pedigree (click to see)
Relationship3rd cousin 1 time removed of Susan Lee Wildsmith
Birth*Martha Cora Hennessee was born on 30 August 1895.2 
Death*She died on 13 February 1897 at age 1 of typhoid fever.2,3 
FatherThomas Patrick Hennessee1 b. 11 Nov 1864, d. 4 May 1904
MotherIda Caroline Deal1 b. 7 Jan 1866, d. 15 Sep 1910
Kinship*Relationship: 3rd cousin, 1R. 

Citations

  1. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 331.
  2. [S300] Kent, Abraham Sudderth Family History, p. 33-A.
  3. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 377.
Last Edited1 Mar 2014

Florence Gertrude Hennessee1

F, b. 5 December 1897, d. 19 August 1961
Pedigree (click to see)
Relationship3rd cousin 1 time removed of Susan Lee Wildsmith
Marriage*Florence Gertrude Hennessee married John Molton Williams.1 
Birth*Florence Gertrude Hennessee was born on 5 December 1897.1,2 
Death*She died on 19 August 1961 at age 63.2 
FatherThomas Patrick Hennessee1 b. 11 Nov 1864, d. 4 May 1904
MotherIda Caroline Deal1 b. 7 Jan 1866, d. 15 Sep 1910
Kinship*Relationship: 3rd cousin, 1R. 

Family

John Molton Williams b. 1891, d. 1958

Citations

  1. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 331.
  2. [S300] Kent, Abraham Sudderth Family History, p. 33-A.
Last Edited1 Mar 2014

Eva Bouchelle Hennessee1

F, b. 13 May 1901, d. 15 June 1904
Pedigree (click to see)
Relationship3rd cousin 1 time removed of Susan Lee Wildsmith
Birth*Eva Bouchelle Hennessee was born on 13 May 1901; of typhoid fever.2,3 
Death*She died on 15 June 1904 at age 3.2 
FatherThomas Patrick Hennessee1 b. 11 Nov 1864, d. 4 May 1904
MotherIda Caroline Deal1 b. 7 Jan 1866, d. 15 Sep 1910
Kinship*Relationship: 3rd cousin, 1R. 

Citations

  1. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 331.
  2. [S300] Kent, Abraham Sudderth Family History, p. 33-A.
  3. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 377.
Last Edited1 Mar 2014

Albert Deal Hennessee1

M, b. 28 March 1903
Pedigree (click to see)
Relationship3rd cousin 1 time removed of Susan Lee Wildsmith
Birth*Albert Deal Hennessee was born on 28 March 1903.2 
Marriage*He married Jamie Blair Anderson, daughter of James Finley Anderson and Claudia Abigail Blair, on 25 October 1925.2 
FatherThomas Patrick Hennessee1 b. 11 Nov 1864, d. 4 May 1904
MotherIda Caroline Deal1 b. 7 Jan 1866, d. 15 Sep 1910
Kinship*Relationship: 3rd cousin, 1R. 

Family

Jamie Blair Anderson b. 28 Jul 1906, d. 10 Sep 1968
Children

Citations

  1. [S300] Kent, Abraham Sudderth Family History, p. 33-A.
  2. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, #265.
Last Edited1 Mar 2014

Silas Monroe Suddreth1

M, b. 20 November 1825
Pedigree (click to see)
Relationship1st cousin 3 times removed of Susan Lee Wildsmith
Death*Silas Monroe Suddreth died in infancy.1 
Birth*He was born on 20 November 1825.1 
FatherAbraham Sudderth Jr.1 b. 15 Jun 1800, d. 1864
MotherElmira Hennessee1 b. 20 Oct 1808, d. 2 Jun 1841
Kinship*Relationship: 1st cousin, 3R. 

Citations

  1. [S300] Kent, Abraham Sudderth Family History, p. 34.
Last Edited1 Mar 2014

Sarah Elvira Suddreth1

F, b. 25 December 1826
Pedigree (click to see)
Relationship1st cousin 3 times removed of Susan Lee Wildsmith
Marriage*Sarah Elvira Suddreth married Waitsel Hagler.2 
Birth*Sarah Elvira Suddreth was born on 25 December 1826.1 
FatherAbraham Sudderth Jr.1 b. 15 Jun 1800, d. 1864
MotherElmira Hennessee1 b. 20 Oct 1808, d. 2 Jun 1841
Kinship*Relationship: 1st cousin, 3R. 

Family

Waitsel Hagler

Citations

  1. [S300] Kent, Abraham Sudderth Family History, p. 34.
  2. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 360.
Last Edited1 Mar 2014

Waitsel Hagler1

M
Pedigree (click to see)
Marriage*Waitsel Hagler married Sarah Elvira Suddreth, daughter of Abraham Sudderth Jr. and Elmira Hennessee.1 
Kinship*Relationship: husband of 1st cousin, 3R. 

Family

Sarah Elvira Suddreth b. 25 Dec 1826

Citations

  1. [S298] Anderson, The Heritage of Caldwell County, North Carolina, Volume I, 1983, p. 360.
Last Edited1 Mar 2014

Myra Juletta Suddreth1

F, b. 30 July 1828
Pedigree (click to see)
Relationship1st cousin 3 times removed of Susan Lee Wildsmith
Marriage*Myra Juletta Suddreth married Powell.1 
Birth*Myra Juletta Suddreth was born on 30 July 1828.1 
FatherAbraham Sudderth Jr.1 b. 15 Jun 1800, d. 1864
MotherElmira Hennessee1 b. 20 Oct 1808, d. 2 Jun 1841
Kinship*Relationship: 1st cousin, 3R. 

Family

Powell

Citations

  1. [S300] Kent, Abraham Sudderth Family History, p. 34.
Last Edited1 Mar 2014